Functions And Working Principle of Reflow Soldering Machine

SMT Reflow soldering machines are welding tools used for full surface assembly. In these machines, the conveyor belt continuously circulates the product to obtain reflow welding. These machines are composed of three basic parts: heater, transmission, and temperature control components. Now, I.C.T. will provide a thorough explanation of the functions and working principles of reflow soldering.

Here is the content list:

• Functions of reflow soldering machine

• Working principle of reflow soldering machine

  
  

Functions of reflow soldering machine

According to advancements in technology, SMT reflow soldering machines are classified into gas phase reflow welding, infrared reflow welding, far infrared reflow welding, infrared heated air reflow welding, all hot air reflow welding, and water-cooled reflow welding. This is a welding technique developed in response to the growing miniaturization of electronic products and is mainly used for the soldering of various surface-mounted components. Normal solder paste is utilized as the solder material.

• Bonding the components to the main board

Inside each SMT reflow soldering machine, there is a heating circuit that can heat air or nitrogen to a suitable temperature and then this is blown across the circuit board onto which components have already been attached, resulting in the solder melting on both sides and subsequently bonding the component(s) to the main board.

• Soldering SMD electronic components to a PCB board

Reflow soldering is primarily used in surface mount technology (SMT) manufacturing processes. To utilize this technique, the PCB boards with attachment components are placed into the designated trajectory path of a SMT reflow soldering machine. Heat energy is then applied and progresses through phases of heating, holding, welding, and cooling - which causes the solder paste to transform from a paste-like state to a liquid and eventually back to a solid state. This finalizes the welding process between mounted electronic chips and the PCB board. The heat source melts the solder that flows and soaks over, completing this core element of the circuit board production.

Working principle of reflow soldering machine

The furnace of a SMT reflow soldering machine consists of four temperature zones: a heating zone, a constant temperature zone, a welding zone, and a cooling zone. This reflects the process of change through which solder paste goes through on the circuit board upon which components are mounted in the machine.

Firstly, when the PCB enters the heating area, flux from the solder paste can dissolve and gas evaporates.

Further, solder paste softens and eventually covers the soldering pad to isolate oxygen present in it, the component pins, and the soldering pad.

Furthermore, when it enters the thermal insulation area full preheating must be ensured to prevent damage to PCB and components from the sudden rise in temperature due to entering the welding area at high temperatures. When PCB enters the welding area temperatures increase quickly so that liquid solder can wet, diffuse and reflow over solder pads, component ends and pins of PCB forming solid joints while entering a cooler place they solidify leaving the reflow soldering process complete successfully.

The above is the information that I.C.T. bring you, if you are interested in the SMT reflow soldering machine, welcome to visit our website at https://www.smtfactory.com.